{"id":25256,"date":"2015-11-29T18:18:14","date_gmt":"2015-11-29T18:18:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/?p=25256"},"modified":"2015-11-29T18:18:45","modified_gmt":"2015-11-29T18:18:45","slug":"vavila-popovici-modernitatea-se-cere-a-fi-victorioasa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/2015\/11\/29\/vavila-popovici-modernitatea-se-cere-a-fi-victorioasa\/","title":{"rendered":"Vavila Popovici: Modernitatea se cere a fi victorioas\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"\u201eCursul iubirii adev\u0103rate nu a fost niciodat\u0103 lin.\u201d <\/em><\/p>\n

<\/em>William Shakespeare<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Lec\u021bia istoriei ne-a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat c\u0103 lumea a progresat, modernitatea a c\u00e2\u0219tigat mereu, \u00een ciuda unor perioade de stagnare sau de regresie. \u00cen ce condi\u021bii a fost victorioas\u0103 \u0219tim, \u00een ce condi\u021bii poate fi victorioas\u0103 \u0219i acum, ne \u00eentreb\u0103m. Este necesar\u0103 desigur o solidaritate a \u021b\u0103rilor care iubesc libertatea, \u00een lupt\u0103 cu cei care doresc a institui teroarea, prin mijloace bestiale.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Despre solidaritatea social\u0103 \u0219i simpatia universal\u0103 a vorbit filosoful, poetul francez Jean-Marie Guyau (1854-1888), g\u00e2nditor precoce, iubitor \u0219i \u00een\u021beleg\u0103tor al vie\u021bii, \u0219i care s-a remarcat prin optimismul s\u0103u, \u00een acest mod put\u00e2ndu-se apropia de modernitate. Calit\u0103\u021bile sale au reie\u0219it din expunerile f\u0103cute, respectiv noble\u021bea atitudinilor \u0219i sclipirile geniale ale am\u0103nuntelor.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Jean-Marie Guyau considera c\u0103 emo\u021bia estetic\u0103 este legat\u0103 de o emo\u021bie simpatic\u0103; inteligen\u021ba trebuie s\u0103 urm\u0103reasc\u0103 o direc\u021bie, s\u0103-\u0219i propun\u0103 un scop, \u0219i acesta s\u0103 fie clar \u0219i s\u0103 existe str\u0103dania de a ajunge la acel scop, \u00eendep\u0103rt\u00e2nd obstacolele, cu alte cuvinte o voin\u021b\u0103 care s\u0103 aib\u0103 un caracter uman. El amintea de Pascal, aten\u021bion\u00e2ndu-ne asupra faptului c\u0103 \u201eun exerci\u021biu pur abstract al inteligen\u021bei, f\u0103r\u0103 o de\u0219teptare corespunz\u0103toare a dorin\u021bei \u0219i a tuturor puterilor fiin\u021bei, nu ar fi putut face at\u00e2t de bine pe Pascal, s\u0103-\u0219i uite durerea de din\u021bi\u201d. <\/em>A ra\u021biona pentru el \u00eensemna a merge, a urca, a cuceri.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Vorbind despre meritul iubirii, aminte\u0219te c\u0103 natura f\u0103r\u0103 iubire nu ne spune nimic, ca noi lumin\u0103m cu propria noastr\u0103 lumin\u0103 totul din jur, \u0219i ea, lumina, este cea a sufletului nostru: \u201eSentimentul poetic nu e n\u0103scut din natur\u0103, ci natura \u00eens\u0103\u0219i iese transformat\u0103 din el \u00eentr-o oarecare m\u0103sur\u0103\u201d. <\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Emo\u021bia moral\u0103 o consider\u0103 ca fiind cea mai \u00eenalt\u0103 emo\u021bie social\u0103, deosebindu-se de emo\u021bia estetic\u0103 prin scopul pe care \u00eel urm\u0103re\u0219te \u0219i \u00eel impune voin\u021bei: \u201ea realiza \u00een individ \u0219i \u00een societate condi\u021biile vie\u021bii celei mai sociale \u0219i mai universale\u201d.\u00a0 <\/em>Frumosul \u00eel define\u0219te ca binele realizat, iar binele moral – frumosul de realizat, cu condi\u021bia domniei legii.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Dorind s\u0103 fondeze o moral\u0103 exclusiv \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103, datoria moral\u0103 pe care o pre\u021buia se constituia din: \u201eCon\u0219tiin\u021ba puterii noastre interioare \u0219i superioare la care se reduce \u00een mod practic datoria; influen\u021ba exercitat\u0103 de idei asupra ac\u021biunilor; fuziunea cresc\u00e2nd\u0103 a sensibilit\u0103\u021bilor \u0219i caracterul crescut social al pl\u0103cerilor \u0219i durerilor noastre; iubirea riscului \u00een ac\u021biune; iubirea ipotezei metafizice, care este un fel de risc \u00een g\u00e2ndire\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Interesant\u0103 este sublinierea de a ne bizui pe noi \u00een\u0219ine. \u0218i ajung\u00e2nd la ideea sentimentului religios, spune: \u201eeste greu s\u0103 ne resemn\u0103m a crede c\u0103 nimeni nu ne aude, c\u0103 nimeni nu simpatizeaz\u0103 de departe cu noi, c\u0103 furnicarul universului este \u00eenconjurat de o imens\u0103 singur\u0103tate\u201d<\/em>. Iat\u0103 c\u0103 dictonul: \u201eNihil sine Deo!\u201d<\/em> \u00ee\u0219i p\u0103streaz\u0103, \u00een zilele noastre, puterea \u0219i valoarea de simbol al idealului, a conduitei unui individ, unui grup, unei \u021b\u0103ri. F\u0103r\u0103 El ne putem pr\u0103bu\u0219i. Putem recunoa\u0219te acest fapt, sau nu. Este libera noastr\u0103 alegere, r\u0103spunz\u0103tori fiind de consecin\u021be \u00een viitor.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Degringolada este starea \u00een care ne afl\u0103m \u00een acest moment, cuv\u00e2nt definit \u00een dic\u021bionar prin: pr\u0103bu\u0219ire, rostogolire rapid\u0103, c\u0103dere; dec\u0103dere treptat\u0103, degradare progresiv\u0103, ruinare. \u00cen tot acest proces de c\u0103dere, oamenii sunt m\u00e2nio\u0219i, m\u00e2nia fiind o patim\u0103 care \u00eei \u00eensufle\u021be\u0219te, <\/strong>produce o anumit\u0103 \u201eorbire\u201d a ra\u021biunii, \u0219i duce la dorin\u021ba concret\u0103 de r\u0103zbunare. Exist\u0103 deci, o rela\u021bie str\u00e2ns\u0103 \u00eentre m\u00e2nie \u0219i r\u0103zbunare. Dac\u0103 ele nu ar fi fr\u00e2nate de inim\u0103 \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, dar \u0219i de cuget, ar putea face \u0219i mai mult r\u0103u omenirii. Cu adev\u0103rat se spune c\u0103 \u201eomul bl\u00e2nd e singurul care va c\u00e2\u0219tiga biruin\u021ba asupra p\u0103m\u00e2ntului”.<\/em> O via\u021b\u0103 pl\u0103cut\u0103 pe acest p\u0103m\u00e2nt poate fi ob\u021binut\u0103 doar cu o judecat\u0103 dreapt\u0103 a min\u021bii \u0219i o judecat\u0103 bl\u00e2nd\u0103 a inimii, bl\u00e2nde\u021bea fiind o virtute c\u00e2\u0219tigat\u0103 \u00een lupta cu greut\u0103\u021bile vie\u021bii.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Schimb\u0103ri mari s-au produs \u00een ultimii ani \u00een tehnologie, economie, demografie, \u00een domeniile social \u0219i cultural. Unii futurologi consider\u0103 c\u0103 ne \u00eendrept\u0103m spre o nou\u0103 societate ce va func\u021biona sfid\u00e2nd orice principiu al diviziunii muncii \u0219i \u00een care fiecare poate face azi un lucru, m\u00e2ine altul, din pl\u0103cere, dar \u00een primul r\u00e2nd din nevoia de supravie\u021buire. Cred \u00eens\u0103, c\u0103 ar fi necesar de g\u00e2ndit c\u0103 omul va trebui s\u0103-\u0219i asigure mersul pe mai departe av\u00e2nd o rezerv\u0103, care s\u0103 nu-l expun\u0103 pericolului neputin\u021bei de supravie\u021buire. Or, criza financiar\u0103 \u0219i economic\u0103 cu care a debutat noul secol, nu permite deocamdat\u0103 aceast\u0103 g\u00e2ndire.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Oamenii se agit\u0103 \u0219i fiecare percepe agita\u021bia interioar\u0103 a celui de l\u00e2ng\u0103 el. De aceea se \u0219i na\u0219te necesitatea\u00a0 de a c\u0103uta un echilibru \u00een noi \u00een\u0219ine, ca apoi s\u0103 g\u0103sim echilibrul \u00eentre interiorul nostru \u0219i exterior.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 De\u0219i secolul XXI urmeaz\u0103 unui secol ce p\u0103rea s\u0103 fixeze o umanitate marcat\u0103 de progresul tehnic \u0219i care neglija via\u021ba spiritual\u0103, baz\u00e2ndu-se doar pe cea material\u0103, iat\u0103 c\u0103 s-a produs o agita\u021bie \u0219i o mul\u021bime de semne<\/p>\n

arat\u0103 o interesant\u0103 re-ordonare a lumii, \u00een aceste dou\u0103 decenii ale noului\u00a0 mileniu, setea de spiritual f\u0103c\u00e2ndu-\u0219i re-apari\u021bia. Criza financiar\u0103, economic\u0103, moral\u0103 cu care a debutat noul secol, pune \u00een fa\u021b\u0103 noi probleme, destul de grave. Schimbarea major\u0103 are loc \u00een condi\u021biile \u00een care lumea globului p\u0103m\u00e2ntesc a intrat \u00eentr-o degringolad\u0103 existen\u021bial\u0103 \u00eengrijor\u0103toare, \u00een care num\u0103rul de conflicte este \u00een cre\u0219tere, iar polarizarea social\u0103 se accentueaz\u0103 din ce \u00een ce mai mult.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 Politica mondial\u0103 este \u00een prezent \u00een derut\u0103, direc\u021biile de b\u0103taie se modific\u0103 rapid, confrunt\u0103rile iau amploare, raporturile nu mai sunt clare, nu \u0219tii din care parte vin \u201es\u0103ge\u021bile\u201d r\u0103ului, iar dac\u0103 le intuie\u0219ti sau le descoperi, e\u0219ti, uneori, \u00een imposibilitatea de a \u201et\u0103ia r\u0103ul de la r\u0103d\u0103cin\u0103<\/em>\u201d. Terorismul islamist reprezint\u0103 cea mai mare provocare politic\u0103 \u0219i militar\u0103 pentru politica mondial\u0103. Ra\u021biunea se pare c\u0103 \u0219i-a dovedit neputin\u021ba \u00een fa\u021ba violen\u021bei dezl\u0103n\u021buite. Trebuie totu\u0219i s\u0103 \u00een\u021belegem c\u0103 nu toate bestiile teroriste sunt musulmani \u0219i nici to\u021bi musulmanii sunt terori\u0219ti, \u0219i s\u0103 d\u0103m crezare cuvintelor rostite de Matahma Gandhi (1869- 1948), p\u0103rintele independen\u021bei Indiei \u0219i ini\u021biatorul mi\u0219c\u0103rilor de revolt\u0103 non-violente: \u201eLegea ochiului pentru ochi sf\u00e2r\u0219e\u0219te prin a orbi \u00eentreaga lume\u201d. <\/em>Amenin\u021b\u0103rii teroriste c\u0103reia trebuie s\u0103 i se pun\u0103 cap\u0103t, i se adaug\u0103 criza de durat\u0103 a refugia\u021bilor, f\u0103r\u0103 solu\u021bie clar\u0103 deocamdat\u0103, dar care trebuie rezolvat\u0103 \u00een mod logic \u0219i umanitar, fiindc\u0103 este vorba de oameni dispera\u021bi care \u0219i-au riscat via\u021ba fugind din calea bestialit\u0103\u021bii, p\u0103r\u0103sind locurile natale \u0219i renun\u021b\u00e2nd la toate bunurile avute, nu \u00eens\u0103 \u0219i la \u201er\u0103d\u0103cini\u201d, la care, poate doar \u00een aceste momente, nu se pot g\u00e2ndi, dar pot al\u021bii g\u00e2ndi pentru ei, spre binele lor. Este greu s\u0103 le \u00een\u021belegi durerea \u0219i disperarea, dac\u0103 nu ai trecut prin aceast\u0103 situa\u021bie, sau sim\u021birea \u0219i intelectul t\u0103u nu a putut-o imagina. Nu po\u021bi r\u0103m\u00e2ne indiferent fa\u021b\u0103 de ace\u0219ti oameni, cu riscul iat\u0103, de care vorbea Jean-Marie Guyau \u0219i care nu poate fi exclus, dar care trebuie bine gestionat, \u00eentru ap\u0103rarea fiin\u021bei. \u00a0Anul 2015 se termin\u0103, va fi definit ca an de criz\u0103 epocal \u0219i nu \u0219tim ce va urma. Victoria binelui \u00eens\u0103 se va produce, fiindc\u0103 a\u0219a, repet, ne-a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat istoria. C\u00e2nd se va produce, este \u00een func\u021bie de g\u00e2ndirea \u0219i de m\u0103surile care vor fi luate. Gre\u0219elile ne pot costa! <\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 \u00centrebarea ar fi cui folose\u0219te anxietatea, egoismul, m\u00e2nia? Cui folose\u0219te ura, r\u0103zbunarea, aceste crude sentimente \u0219i chiar indiferen\u021ba care poate fi \u00eenvinuit\u0103. Cum a reu\u0219it s\u0103 se implanteze \u00een suflete tinere acest sentiment al r\u0103zbun\u0103rii, dorin\u021ba de a se ridica la rolul Divinit\u0103\u021bii care ne-a creat? \u201e\u00cenainte s\u0103 porne\u0219ti pe calea r\u0103zbun\u0103rii, sap\u0103 dou\u0103 morminte\u201d,<\/em> spunea \u00een\u021beleptul chinez Confucius<\/a> (550 \u00ee.Hr.-470 \u00ee.Hr.), pe c\u00e2nd un proverb danez spune c\u0103 \u201eambi\u021bia \u0219i r\u0103zbunarea sunt mereu \u00eenfometate\u201d. <\/em>Avem \u00een zilele noastre exemple de conduc\u0103tori ambi\u021bio\u0219i, orgolio\u0219i, dar \u0219i suflete cuprinse de m\u00e2nie \u0219i dornice de r\u0103zbunare.<\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0 \u00centorc\u00e2ndu-m\u0103 la Religie, amintesc spusele lui Will Durant (1885-1981) scriitor, istoric \u0219i filosof american, \u00een cartea sa Reforma<\/em>, \u0219i anume c\u0103 Religia \u201eeste ultimul subiect pe care intelectul \u00eencepe s\u0103 \u00eel \u00een\u021beleag\u0103. \u00cen tinere\u021bile noastre, am resim\u021bit poate un soi de superioritate orgolioas\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 de mult \u00eendr\u0103gitele sale lucr\u0103ri greu de crezut; la v\u00e2rsta scepticismului, ne minunam de supravie\u021buirea ei prosper\u0103, \u00eentr-o epoc\u0103 secularizat\u0103 \u0219i \u0219tiin\u021bific\u0103, precum \u0219i de rena\u0219terile ei continue, chiar \u0219i dup\u0103 loviturile mortale pe care i le-au dat un Epicur, un Lauren\u021biu, un Machiavelli, un Hume sau Voltaire\u201d. <\/em>\u00cen continuare pune \u00eentrebarea, care ar fi secretele acestei perenit\u0103\u021bi? \u201e\u2026 Mul\u021bi oameni sunt chinui\u021bi sau umili\u021bi de via\u021b\u0103, iar atunci c\u00e2nd for\u021bele naturale \u00eei p\u0103r\u0103sesc, credin\u021bele aduc demnitatea\u00a0 \u0219i speran\u021ba\u00a0 \u00een via\u021ba lor, dau o ordine \u0219i un sens lumi\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

Vavila Popovici \u2013 Carolina de Nord<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u201eCursul iubirii adev\u0103rate nu a fost niciodat\u0103 lin.\u201d William Shakespeare   \u00a0\u00a0 Lec\u021bia istoriei ne-a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat c\u0103 lumea a progresat, [&hellip<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25256","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-articole"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25256","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25256"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25256\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25258,"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25256\/revisions\/25258"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25256"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=25256"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.marianagurza.ro\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=25256"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}